ABSTRACT
In order to implement the 'excellent doctor education training plan' for clinical medicine majors,a series of principles and measures were adopted to train medical students.On the basis of clearing ideas and goals of ‘excellent doctor education training plan',constructing cmriculum system based on basic clinical skills,innovatively constructing the practical teaching platform,optimizing practical teaching system,improving teaching methods,revising assessment and evaluation methods and employing an outstanding teaching team with reasonable structure,we constructed the talent training mode with ‘one goal,two processes,three combinations'.In conclusion,the talent training mode played an important role in the cultivation of medical talents in clinical medicine.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor plays an important role in the blood vessel growth and prognosis of many solid tumors. However, there are few reports regarding the relationship between vascular growth factor receptor and prognosis of lung cancer.OBJECTIVE: To probe into the relationship between the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor F1t1, KDR and the metastasis and prognosis of lung cancer.DESIGN: Single sample study based on pathological samples SETTING: Department of pathology in a university.MATERIALS: Totally 75 lung cancer specimens were randomly selected from the specimens removed by Department of Thoracic Surgery of Qingdao University from January 1985 to December 1990. The study was conducted in the Department of Pathology of Qingdao University from September to November 2002.METHODS: Immunohistochemical method PowerVision TM-9000 (PV-9000)was used to assay the Flt1 and KDR expression in 75 lung cancer specimens.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor F1t1 and KDR in lung cancer and its relationship with age, sex,pathological type, histological grading, tumor size, lymph node metastasis and prognosis, as well as the expression of F1t1, KDR in tumor cells and fibroblasts.RESULTS: There is extensive expression of F1t1 and KDR in lung cancer tissues, especially in cytoplasm and cell membrane of tumor cells, also in cytoplasm of fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells. The positive rates of F1t1 and KDR in tumor cells are much higher than those iu matrix fibroblasts (x2 = 6.07,5.88, P ＜ 0.05). There is no difference in the positive rates of these two receptors in tumor cells and fibroblast between cases with different age, sex, pathological types, pathological grading( P＞0.05). There is significant difference in the positive expression rates of Flt1 and KDR in tumor cells among three groups with different tumor size(x2 = 10. 35, 7.29, P ＜ 0.05)while there is no difference in fibroblasts(x2=2.86,2.56, P ＞ 0. 05). There is also significant difference in positive rates of F1t1 and KDR in tumor cells and fibroblasts between groups with and without lymph node metastasis (x2 =4.72 -9.32, P＜0.05) and among three groups with different survival time(x2 = 8.81 - 19. 19, P ＜ 0. 05) . The expression of Flt1 and KDR in tumor cells has greatly positive correlation( r =0.44, P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: The expression of Flt1 and KDR in tumor cells is much higher than that in matrix fibroblasts which suggests that the growth of lung cancer is mainly dependent on autocrine metabolism. The expressions of these two receptors in tumor cells relate to lymph node metastasis, survival time after operation and cooperate with each other. It suggests that it is of great value to assess the metastasis and prognosis of lung cancer by jointly testing the expression of F1t1 and KDR.